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B-cell receptor pathway inhibitors (BCRi) such as ibrutinib and idelalisib are used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, if patients become refractory to these therapies or develop resistance it can lead to poorer outcomes. Venetoclax, a BCL-2 inhibitor, is a proposed alternative option following relapse in these patients, as it is independent of the BCR pathway.
An interim analysis of a phase II trial conducted by Jeffrey Jones, from the Ohio State University, and colleagues, demonstrated that venetoclax had good clinical activity with high response rates in patients with R/R CLL after prior BCRi exposure. Another phase II study was conducted to evaluate venetoclax treatment efficacy and safety in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) CLL after progression with idelalisib treatment. The study, conducted by Steven Coutre, from the Stanford Cancer Center, Stanford University of Medicine, and colleagues, was published in Blood on the 5 January 2017 (NCT02141282).
The authors concluded that venetoclax monotherapy for patients who progressed after idelalisib treatment could be a viable option in terms of both safety and efficacy. They recommended that idelalisib treatment is discontinued no more than 3 days before commencing treatment with venetoclax, in order to prevent the risk of TLS.
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